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Rich Stokoe

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TOON – The AI Data Format Designed to Save You Money

Posted on November 3, 2025November 4, 2025 by rich

TOON, or Token-Oriented Object Notation, is a new format designed to reduce token usage when passing information to large language models (LLMs), thereby reducing cost. Passing data to LLMs is essential to provide the context needed so that it understands what is being asked of it. That data might be a simple chat message, like…

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What is MACH Architecture?

Posted on December 9, 2023December 9, 2023 by rich

MACH stands for Microservices, API-first, Cloud-native and Headless and joins a rich family of similar acronyms from tech history such as LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) or MEAN (MongoDB, ExpressJS, AngularJS, NodeJS). MACH describes a set of high level architectural considerations but is not very prescriptive about how these are achieved, nor does it dictate…

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The Future of UK Open Banking

Posted on July 23, 2023July 23, 2023 by rich

Open Banking has transformed the financial services landscape and led to more innovation in the past 5 years than in the previous 250 years. Now the UK is set to supercharge that innovation with a new phase of accelerated innovation and an explosion of capabilities.

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ActivityPub – The Most Important Technology You’ve Never Heard of

Posted on July 13, 2023August 29, 2023 by rich

Despite sounding like a really bad Marvel rip-off, ActivityPub and the Fediverse might in fact be the next big platform shift for the internet.

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State of the AI Nation 1: Google I/O 2023 Recap

Posted on May 13, 2023July 11, 2023 by rich

On 4th May 2023, a leaked memo from a Google employee declared that the company “has no moats” when it comes to AI (artificial intelligence). A moat, in business strategy circles at least, means a competitive advantage that you can use to protect your business model. It means different things in castle design – in…

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Running an ASP.NET Core 2.0 app on Raspbian Stretch Linux on a Raspberry Pi with HTTPS

Posted on December 10, 2017July 15, 2022 by rich

Today’s challenge: Serve a public API over HTTPS from a Raspberry Pi. I’ll follow up with an article about containerising the app and running it from docker on the Pi. This article is a fast-paced guide to getting started without stopping to dwell on the details. Some details will be mopped up in the last…

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Why do people only read things that back up their way of thinking?

Posted on October 30, 2016October 30, 2016 by rich

Remember when the internet was in its infancy? We all had to put up with little 468 x 90 banner ads everywhere you looked – and sometimes we clicked them because we didn’t know better. As time went on we grew smarter, we were able to tell the bad adverts from the good, and the…

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Google Watch: Time to DuckDuckGo

Posted on September 8, 2016September 9, 2016 by rich

Google do a lot of good things. They host free webfonts to make the web a nicer place to be. Their cloudy PaaS service, Engine Yard, gets rave reviews. Their maps are better than anyone’s, their mobile OS is the most popular in the world, and their photo hosting offer is second to none. But they…

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Recent Posts

  • What if your Operating System was an LLM?
  • TOON – The AI Data Format Designed to Save You Money
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